NEUMOLOGÍA PEDIÁTRICA

Neumol Pediatr 2020; 15 (4): 429 - 483 C o n t e n i d o d i s p o n i b l e e n h t t p : / / www. n e umo l o g i a - p e d i a t r i c a . cl 479 Consenso chileno para la atención integral de niños y adultos con fibrosis quística 33. Bilton D, Canny G, Conway S, Dumcius S, Hjelte L, Proes- mans M, et al. Pulmonary exacerbation: Towards a defini- tion for use in clinical trials. Report from the EuroCareCF Working Group on outcome parameters in clinical trials. J Cyst Fibros. 2011;10(SUPPL. 2). 34. Smyth A, Elborn JS. Exacerbations in cystic fibrosis: 3 · Management. Thorax. 2008;63(2):180–4. 35. Sanders DB, Bittner RCL, Rosenfeld M, Hoffman LR, Re- dding GJ, Goss CH. Failure to recover to baseline pulmo- nary function after cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerba- tion. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;182(5):627–32. 36. Fuchs HJ, Christiansen DH, Borowitz DS, Nash ML, Ramsey BW, Smith AL, et al. Effect of aerosolized re- combinant human dnase on exacerbations of respiratory symptoms and on pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 1994;331(10):637–42. 37. Goss CH, Burns JL. Exacerbations in cystic fibrosis·1: Epi- demiology and pathogenesis. Thorax. 2007;62(4):360–7. 38. Ratjen F, Bell SC, Rowe SM, Goss CH, Quittner AL, Bush A. Cystic fibrosis. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2015;1(1):15010. 39. Aurora P, Gustafsson P, Bush A, Lindblad A, Oliver C, Wallis CE, et al. Multiple breath inert gas washout as a measure of ventilation distribution in children with cystic fibrosis. Thorax. 2004;59(12):1068–73. 40. Vermeulen F, Proesmans M, Boon M, Havermans T, De Boeck K. Lung clearance index predicts pulmonary exa- cerbations in young patients with cystic fibrosis. Thorax. 2014;69(1):39–45. 41. Burns JL, Rolain JM. Culture-based diagnostic microbio- logy in cystic fibrosis: Can we simplify the complexity? J Cyst Fibros. 2014;13(1):1–9. 42. Jorgensen J, Carroll K, Funke G, Pfaller M, Landry M, SS et al R. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press; 2015. 43. Respiratory Tract Cultures, In: Leber AL (Ed). Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook, 4th Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. c2016.(cited october 2020. doi: 10.1128/9781683670438.CMPH.ch3.11. 44. Taccetti G, Denton M, Hayes K, Bilton D, Campana S, Dolce D, et al. A critical review of definitions used to des- cribe Pseudomonas aeruginosa microbiological status in patients with cystic fibrosis for application in clinical trials. J Cyst Fibros. 2020;19(1):52–67. 45. Ratjen F, Munck A, Kho P, Angyalosi G. Treatment of early Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with cystic fibrosis: The ELITE trial. Thorax. 2010;65(4):286–91. 46. Gilligan PH, Downey DG, Stuart Elborn J, Flume PA, Funk S, Gilpin D, et al. “Pathogen eradication” and “emerging pathogens”: Difficult definitions in cystic fibrosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2018;56(9). 47. Lee TWR, Brownlee KG, Conway SP, Denton M, Littlewood JM. Evaluation of a new definition for chronic Pseudomo- nas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis patients. J Cyst Fibros. 2003;2(1):29–34. 48. Chmiel JF, Aksamit TR, Chotirmall SH, Dasenbrook EC, Elborn JS, LiPuma JJ, et al. Antibiotic management of lung infections in cystic fibrosis: I. The microbiome, me- thicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, gram-negative bacteria, and multiple infections. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2014;11(7):1120–9. 49. Dolce D, Neri S, Grisotto L, Campana S, Ravenni N, Mi- selli F, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus eradication in cystic fibrosis patients: A randomized mul- ticenter study. PLoS One. 2019;14(3). 50. Muhlebach MS, Beckett V, Popowitch E, Miller MB, Baines A, Mayer-Hamblett N, et al. Microbiological efficacy of early MRSA treatment in cystic fibrosis in a randomised controlled trial. Thorax. 2017;72(4):318–26. 51. Vestergaard M, Frees D, Ingmer H. Antibiotic Resistance and the MRSA Problem. Microbiol Spectr. 2019;7(2). 52. Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry 2018 Annual Data Report. Bethesda, Maryland, ©2019 Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; 53. Southern KW, Barker PM, Solis-Moya A, Patel L. Macroli- de antibiotics for cystic fibrosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;11(11). 54. Brooke JS. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: An emer- ging global opportunistic pathogen. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2012;25(1):2–41. 55. Amin R, Jahnke N, Waters V. Antibiotic treatment for Ste- notrophomonas maltophilia in people with cystic fibrosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;3(3):CD009249. 56. Gong J, Su D, Shang J, Yu H, Du G, Lin Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of high-dose tigecycline for the treatment of infectious diseases: A meta-analysis. Med (United Sta- tes). 2019;98(38):e17091. 57. Abbott IJ, Peleg AY. Stenotrophomonas, achromobacter, and nonmelioid burkholderia species: Antimicrobial re- sistance and therapeutic strategies. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;36(1):99–110. 58. Edwards BD, Greysson-Wong J, Somayaji R, Waddell B, Whelan FJ, Storey DG, et al. Prevalence and outcomes of achromobacter species infections in adults with cystic fibrosis: A North American cohort study. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(7):2074–85. 59. Swenson CE, Sadikot RT. Achromobacter respiratory in- fections. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2015;12(2):252–8. 60. Wang M, Ridderberg W, Hansen CR, Høiby N, Jensen-Fan- gel S, Olesen H V., et al. Early treatment with inhaled an- tibiotics postpones next occurrence of Achromobacter in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros. 2013;12(6):638–43. 61. Garcia BA, Carden JL, Goodwin DL, Smith TA, Gaggar A, Leon K, et al. Implementation of a successful eradication protocol for Burkholderia Cepacia complex in cystic fi- brosis patients. BMC Pulm Med. 2018;18(1). 62. Martiniano SL, Davidson RM, Nick JA. Nontuberculous mycobacteria in cystic fibrosis: Updates and the path forward. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52(S48):S29–36. 63. Floto RA, Olivier KN, Saiman L, Daley CL, Herrmann JL, Nick JA, et al. US Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and Euro- pean Cystic Fibrosis Society consensus recommendations for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in individuals with cystic fibrosis. Thorax. 2016;71(Suppl 1):i1–22. 64. Haworth CS, Banks J, Capstick T, Fisher AJ, Gorsuch T, Laurenson IF, et al. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). Thorax. 2017;72(Suppl