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Evaluación del riesgo de síndrome de apnea obstructiva
del sueño y somnolencia diurna utilizando el
cuestionario de Berlín y las escalas
Sleep Apnea
Clinical Score
y
Epworth
en pacientes con ronquido
habitual atendidos en la consulta ambulatoria
César Chávez-Gonzáles* y Alonso Soto T.*
,
**
Risk assessment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and daytime sleepiness using
Berlin questionnaire, and SACS and Epworth scales in outpatients with snoring
attending consultation
Objectives:
To determine the frequency of risk for the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA)
through clinical predictors: Berlin Questionnaire, Sleep Apnea Clinical Score (SACS) and the degree
of daytime sleepiness measured by Epworth scale.
Material and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was
conducted among patients who reported snoring seen by pulmonology in the outpatient clinic between
January and March 2014. Frequency of OSA was calculated according to the three clinical prediction
rules. We also determine the characteristic associated with a high risk of OSA according to each predic-
tion rule.
Results:
We recruited 230 participants, 56.5% were male, with a mean age of 50 ± 12 years.
The risk of moderate or high risk for OSA was 61.8%, 66.9% and 62.6% according to Epworth somno-
lence scale, SACS and Berlin questionnaire, respectively. Neck circumference, abdominal circumference
and body mass index were the characteristics more consistently associated with OSA risk. Correlation
between SACS and Berlin prediction rules was 0.55, between SACS and Epworth scale was 0.22 and
between Berlin and Epworth scale was 0.35 (p < 0.001 for all comparisons).
Conclusions:
There is
a high risk for OSA among snoring patients attending respiratory outpatient clinic. The correlation
between prediction rules evaluated was lower than expected. Larger studies in general populations
using polysomnography as a reference standard are needed to clarify the diagnostic and prognostic
value of OSA prediction rules.
Key words:
Obstructive sleep apnea; daytime sleepiness; Berlin questionnaire; Epworth scale;
sleep apnea clinical score.
Resumen
Objetivos:
Determinar la frecuencia de riesgo del Síndrome de Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño
(SAOS) en pacientes atendidos en el consultorio externo de neumología de un hospital de referencia
en Lima a través de los Cuestionarios de Berlín, Sleep Apnea Clinical Score (SACS) y la escala de
Epworth.
Métodos:
Se realizó un estudio transversal en pacientes atendidos en los consultorios exter-
nos de neumología reclutando durante el período de enero a marzo de 2014 en forma prospectiva a
aquellos pacientes que referían presentar ronquido habitual. Se determinó la frecuencia de riesgo de
SAOS de acuerdo a cada una de las escalas evaluadas y sus factores asociados.
Resultados:
Se estu-
diaron 230 sujetos, 56,5% eran varones y el 43,5% mujeres, con una edad media de 50 ± 12 años. El
CC y AS participaron en la concepción del estudio, análisis, elaboración del manuscrito y aprobación de su versión final.
CC participó en el reclutamiento de participantes. Ambos autores se hacen responsables de los contenidos del artículo.
* Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unánue. Lima, Perú.
** Escuela de Medicina. Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas. Lima, Perú.
Rev Chil Enferm Respir 2018; 34: 19-27
trabajo original